Erb's palsy is a type of muscular weakness in the arm or shoulder that can arise as a result of a birth injury or later in life. It is especially frequent in new-borns who had shoulder injuries after birth
It is a lesion of the C5 and C6 nerve roots (in certain cases, the C7 is also affected) caused by a widening of the head-shoulder gap. Brachial plexus injuries impair mobility and cutaneous feelings in the upper limb. Depending on the degree of the damage, the paralysis may cure on its own over time, or it may necessitate rehabilitative treatment or surgery.
Causes
Excessive tugging or straining of an infant's head and shoulders during a difficult or lengthy birth is a common cause of Erb's palsy. When an infant's head and neck are dragged to the side at the same time as the shoulders move through the birth canal, Erb's palsy can occur.
During difficult childbirths, doctors may need to act swiftly to deliver the baby and may need to use extra effort to bring the kid out of the birth canal. This can cause Erb's palsy by stretching the baby's neck.
Brachial plexus palsy can also occur as a result of the baby's location in the womb.
This can happen if an infant's shoulder becomes locked behind the mother's pubic bone as their head falls into the crib.
Signs and Symptoms
The arm is hung by the side, and the wrist twists inward (waiter's tip).
Grip strength has been reduced.
Arm movement is restricted.
Numbness in the arm
Arm paralysis, either partial or total
Arm unresponsiveness
Risk factors
The following risk factors may contribute to Erb's palsy in infants:
Babies delivered feet-first are at a little increased risk of Erb's palsy because their arms may be lifted and more readily harmed by excess pressure.
Gestational diabetes: If blood sugar levels are not effectively controlled throughout pregnancy, newborns may be born bigger, making delivery more challenging.
Improper delivery/use of birthing tools: During a difficult delivery, a baby may be yanked swiftly and violently from the birth canal, causing neck and shoulder injuries.
Large infant/small maternal size: If the infant is bigger than average or the mother is exceptionally petite, the delivery may be more challenging
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