Hallux Valgus is a complicated first-ray valgus deformity that can cause medial big toe discomfort and trouble wearing shoes.
This often leads to the development of soft tissue and bony prominence on the medial side of what is called a bunion (exostosis on the dorsomedial aspect of the first metatarsal head)
At a late stage, these changes lead to pain and functional deficit: i.e. impaired gait (lateral and posterior weight shift, late heel rise, decreased single-limb balance, pronation deformity)
Factors of hallux valgus
Shoes with heels
The type of footwear. Shoes that are narrow, pointed, and/or have an abnormally high heel.
The family tree
A genetic disposition (the bunion is not hereditary, but it is the predisposition of certain characteristics of the bones and joints or the resistance of the ligaments).
Signs and symptoms
Pain in the medial prominence caused by a deviation of the foot's bones. This ache is caused by pressure and the rubbing of the shoes.
Metatarsalgia and flatfoot discomfort
Metatarsalgia is pain in the sole of the foot caused by alterations in the normal function of the foot support, which generates excessive pressure below the metatarsals. It can be really debilitating.
Clinodactyly is a toe malformation or deviation.
The surrounding toes are deformed. Because of the big toe's deviation, there is compression and displacement of the neighbouring toes, which are similarly distorted (claw toes, hammer toes, etc.).
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